01/20/2023
Special Comments on the U.S. Debt Ceiling Debates: Yesterday, the government hit the statutory limit on borrowing. When the government reaches the debt limit, Congress can either raise, or temporarily suspend, the debt ceiling. Meanwhile, Treasury can still meet government obligations by “extraordinary measures” so investors are heavily interested in when Treasury uses up those emergency funds, often called the X Date, and as of now, mostly likely sometime late summer.
Complicating the current situation are rising recession risks and unknown tax receipts. As the economy slows, the public sector may feel greater pressure from less revenue and even more impactful is the upcoming individual tax season. Government revenue streams are lumpy and April 15 is important for government funding.
Since the end of the Second World War, the government adjusted the debt ceiling over 100 times. During periods of divided Congress, debt and spending debates are more heated but inevitably, the debt ceiling will be raised. We have already spent the money. No politician wants to put their name on something that prevents seniors from getting their social security checks or Medicare reimbursements—or cuts in defense spending for that matter.
If we don’t pay interest on Treasuries, rates will go higher, servicing our massive debt pile will become even more expensive—and eventually untenable— leading to more painful spending cuts. There are enough votes to avoid a calamity even if a few folks are willing to push things further than they’ve ever been pushed before.
There will be no U.S. default but the debt ceiling could certainly cause another credit agency to downgrade the U.S. credit rating and drive a bout of market volatility as in 2011. With narrow majorities in Congress, the fringes have more power in Congress. Nevertheless, cooler heads will prevail and over time, and fundamentals will take over again—economic growth should return, earnings, interest rates and inflation will all normalize and markets will move forward.
Even if the debt debates drags on, Treasury could work with the Federal Reserve and pay interest payments, potentially saving itself from a technical default. Students of the markets should use August 2011 as a case study. Standard & Poor’s downgraded U.S. debt for the first time in its history and global stocks plummeted. We should expect higher volatility if the debate drags on.
If stocks sell off sharply on this risk, LPL Research would more than likely view that weakness as an attractive buying opportunity. The media attention on this is more political than economic, but it’s something to watch.