09/06/2022
Remuneration Or Dividend?
One of the perceived major benefits of incorporation is the ability to extract profits from the company by way of dividends. The main advantage is the National Insurance saving, as no NICs are payable on dividends, whereas a salary payment would attract employee NICs of 13.25% or 3.25% and employer NICs of 15.05% (2022/23 figures) once the salary exceeds the primary and secondary thresholds.
In determining the optimal salary level for 2022/23, it is necessary to take account of the availability of the NIC employment allowance (for which see Tips 71 and 72).
All taxpayers receive a dividend ‘allowance’, regardless of their marginal rate of tax. This dividend allowance is set at £2,000 for 2022/23. However, this is not an ‘allowance’ as such, rather a zero-rate band which taxes the first £2,000 of taxable dividend income at a rate of 0%.
Thereafter, for 2022/23 dividends (which are treated as the top slice of taxable income) are taxed at 8.75% to the extent that they fall within the basic rate band, 33.75% to the extent that they fall with the higher rate band, and 39.35% to the extent that they fall within the additional rate band. The dividend tax rates are increased by 1.25 percentage points from 6 April 2022 to provide funding for health and adult social care.
A payment of salary will attract tax at the taxpayer’s marginal rate of income tax (20%, 40% or 45% (or, for Scottish taxpayers, at the relevant Scottish rate)). Salary payments are deductible in calculating profit for corporation tax purposes, unlike dividends which must be paid out of after-tax profits. Further, a dividend can only be paid if there are sufficient retained profits. In addition, various company law requirements must be met.
It is not simply a case that dividends are always best, although in many cases, taking dividends will result in less tax and National Insurance than taking a salary payment.
However, the best result will depend on the circumstances, as the decision whether to take salary or dividends will depend on the interaction of various factors – respective rates of income tax, corporation tax and National Insurance contributions, any other income that the taxpayer has and whether the company has sufficient retained profits.
To decide whether to extract profits by way of a dividend or a salary, please contact us on [email protected] or tel : 02088619700