26/03/2024
All about being a Sole Trader
A sole trader is a straightforward self-employment.
It can mean some extra risk to the business because you are personally responsible for all your business debts if it fails. It can also make you more personally accountable in the event of a lawsuit. As a limited company, it is the company which is being sued but, as a sole trader, you yourself could be in the dock.
However, if it’s a low-cost business that is unlikely to incur any debts or cause any personal or financial damage to another party, then a sole trader might be the right choice for you. But if you’re likely to incur any significant debts or legal risks, the financial protection offered by becoming incorporated and forming a limited company would be advisable.
Sole traders get to keep all their business profits after tax has been paid on them.
Setting up as a sole trader is relatively straightforward. Go ahead and register for self-assessment with HMRC. To become a sole trader, you must register using the government portal within three months of founding your business.
Technically speaking, you don’t need to register as a sole trader unless the income you earn from self-employment is more than the tax-free allowance, which currently stands at £1,000. For example, if you’re in full-time employment, but do paid-for gardening on the side, you won’t need to tell HMRC, providing your self-employed earnings are less than £1,000.
If you think you’ll earn more than this, the deadline to register for self-assessment is October 5 in your second tax year of trading.
Your personal allowance for tax-free income in 2023/24 and 2024/25 is £12,570. Anything above this will be subject to corporation tax (19 per cent on anything between £12,570 and £50,000).
If you’re a sole trader in self-employment, you must also pay National Insurance (NI) contributions if you have profits above £12,570 or more a year.
They’ve been reformed in the Autumn Statement 2023 and the Spring Budget 2024. Class 2 National Insurance Contributions will no longer be compulsory from April 6, 2024. Class 4 NI contributions, meanwhile, will be paid at 6 per cent of the profits you make up to £50,270 (and a further 2 per cent on any more profits over that).