27/05/2019
STABILITY FUNDS ARE THE FOUNDATION OF BEING PERMANENTLY WEALTHY
Being wealthy is defined by what makes you happy rather than a specific amount of money. A janitor who accumulates a portfolio of financial assets that produce passive income of Php20,000 a month can consider himself wealthy. In contrast, some people may not be able to maintain their lifestyle with only P20,000. Their level of happiness in terms of financial independence can be much higher than that. Therefore, the term “wealthy” will be different from one person to the next. It's a good idea to start this journey by being clear as to what kind of lifestyle you find suitable for you. Make sure, it is within the realm of what is reasonable and constantly ask yourself the question “am I living within my means?”.
How do you get to this financial nirvana ?
In my long experience in helping people get to that happy place, I discovered a path you can follow. I cannot guarantee it, but if you embrace the principles and recommendations we have on good money management, If you remain faithful to these principles, you will eventually get there.
The foundation of financial wellness are stability funds. Unless this is in place, there is no hope at all of ever becoming financially independent.
DISBURSEMENT FUND - The first objective is to have an amount equal to your monthly expenses in your disbursement account. I suggest, you use your payroll or income account for this. You have a choice of either using a savings account or a checking account for this purpose. At the BEGINNING of the month, you should have the entire planned expense in this disbursement account. Out of habit, people wait for their income before expenses are paid, this is not good. You are subjecting yourself to episodes of financial feast and famine.
This is clearly demonstrated by the 13th month bonus paid to employees in November. Seldom does it ever remain untouched until December 25. This payday to payday mindset is the first thing you need to break. Bring out pen and paper and pre-plan all your expenses for the month. The amounts will vary because you have CHRONIC or repeating expenses such as food, shelter and utilities and you have PERIODIC expenses, an example of which are tuition fees or vacation expenses. At the beginning of the month, the entire amount should be in your disbursement. The rule is, “ you cannot spend, what you did not plan this month!”.
Most will argue with me that they are so hard up, that it is impossible for them to accumulate this amount.
I beg to disagree!
Ask yourself “ Can you save Php1.00 a month? Can you save Php 1 million a month”. The point of the question is, you can really set aside money if you really wanted to! Be it a mere Php 20.00 per payday or more. Methodical saving money is a decision with the objective of stabilising how money flows in and out of your life.
If you are someone who is starting out zero, you have to make a decision to save at least 10% of your current income. If you do that, you will accumulate enough funds for your monthly expenses over a period of 10 months. Thats 10% a month of your income multiplied by 10 months is equal to one month’s expense. If you find 10% to be too tough, you can drop it down to 5% and it will take 20 months to do it. This is first and all important step. Stabilising, your spending patterns.
SMALL EMERGENCY FUND - No matter how hard we try to plan, life happens to us. There will be unforeseen expenses that suddenly pop up. This may be due to illness, a relative or friend approaching you for money, a sudden change in your work situation and many more. You can avoid disrupting your disbursement funds by continuing to set aside money for small emergencies. An amount, equal to one month’s income is what I always suggest. This should be placed in a certificate of deposit (more popularly known as a time deposit) in the bank where you do most if not all of your financial transactions.
Why 1 month’s worth of INCOME? In my conversation with people, they discovered that if someone were to borrow money from them, and they can’t say no, the psychological limit is a maximum of one month’s income. If someone were to ask you for more than a month’s income, your mind revolts at the idea and would want to have more information before you part with your hard earned money. This small emergency fund therefore is set up to avoid disrupting your normal disbursement patterns and at the same time provide liquidity so you can address the unforeseen expenses that pop up once or twice a year.
BUFFER FUNDS equal to 3 to 6 months worth of income should then be your next step after completing what I enumerated above. This is for major emergencies or even opportunities that come into your life. We suggest you place this amount in a MONEY MARKET FUND. I currently recommend investing in the First Metro Asset Money Market Fund. There are no entry and exit fees and you can open an amount as small as Php5,000 and add Php 1,000 or more monthly to build it up to 3 to 6 months of your income. It is highly liquid since it is invested in short term corporate and government bonds as well as time deposit certificates. The earnings are modest and this year, my expectation is a max of 6% for 2019. During normal years, this should provide 1.5% to 2.5% return on the investments you have placed in this fund. The objective of this fund however is not income. This is where you place your buffer funds to address large unforeseen expenses. Even periodic expenses like tuition fees, can also be placed here because of its excellent liquidity.
After completing these three foundational funds can you now look into investing for a profit. This is what you call your FINANCIAL INDEPENDENCE PORTFOLIO. You start by buying a Fixed Income Fund. In order to mitigate investment risks and at the same time maximise reasonable gains, you can diversify your holdings to include equities, real estate rentals or even business enterprises. Portfolios are to be invested over the long term. You need to lock out the money for at least 10 years to make it worthwhile. You have to rely on the power of compounding interest to grow this fund faster. There will be years where the returns are not that great but it is evened out by years where you make a ton of profits.
For information on how to start building both the stability and financial independence portfolios, do send me a note so that I could provide more guidance as to how to complete it.