10/19/2026
The most misunderstood topic and most frequent questions I get are about tax instalments in Canada and estimated tax requirements in the United States. The requirement to pay estimates (U.S.) and instalments (Canada) are very similar on both sides of the border.
Canadaâs income tax system is generally pay-as-you-go. Tax is paid throughout the year either through source deductions from employment (payroll), or through tax instalments to the Canada Revenue Agency. Instalment payments may be required when income is not subject to sufficient withholdingâfor example, income from self-employment, interest, dividends, capital gains, rental property, royalties, pensions, or other sources. The quarterly instalment due dates in Canada are generally March 15, June 15, September 15, and December 15.
Individuals, including sole proprietors and partners, may generally have to pay instalments to CRA if they expect to owe more than $3,000 in net tax for the current year and also owed more than that amount in either of the two preceding years.
In the United States, similarly, Federal income tax is a pay-as-you-go system, meaning taxpayers generally must pay tax as income is earned or received through withholdings (payroll) or estimated tax payments made to the IRS. Individualsâincluding sole proprietors, partners, and S corporation shareholdersâgenerally must make estimated tax payments if they expect to owe at least $1,000 when filing their tax return. These payments can cover federal income tax as well as other liabilities, including self-employment tax and alternative minimum tax. The quarterly estimate due dates in the United States are generally April 15, June 15, September 15, and January 15.
Year end or 4th quarter is the best time to figure out your position for the year and to tax plan on ways to minimize tax payable for the upcoming tax filing season. Why? Because your final yearly income is well known at this point of the year or can be reasonably estimated up until December 31.